Rasāʾil al-Ḥikma · Epistles of Wisdom
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Epistle 2 of 111

THE DECREE PROHIBITING WINE

السجل المنهي فيه عن الخمر

In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

Praise be to God, who has strengthened Islam through His God-fearing friends, and entrusted the preservation of its ordinances to those whom He has appointed among the imams of His religion and His blessed trustees. May God bless our forefather Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets and Master of the Messengers, and may His blessings rest upon him and his pure family.

The Commander of the Faithful, concerning the affairs of religion and worldly life which God has entrusted to him and placed under his care, and in which He has made his word supreme and exalted, devotes his concern, judgment, and deliberation to their protection and preservation.

He seeks to prevent any defect from entering into either of them, to exalt their distinguishing signs, to maintain their established foundations, to preserve their order, and to attend to whatever might threaten their perfection and completeness through alteration or deterioration.

God, mighty and exalted, is the helper of the Commander of the Faithful in all that pleases Him, and grants him success in what brings him nearer to God and wins His favor, through His grace and power.

Among the matters most beneficial to Islam and the Muslims, and most conducive to reform through the preservation of the foundations of religion, is the prohibition of intoxicants among all the people, and the prevention of their approval of reprehensible practices.

For persistence in consuming intoxicants is the gathering place of evil deeds and the path leading to shameful actions and wicked conduct.

The Commander of the Faithful has therefore ordered, with God's assistance, that this proclamation be written and read aloud to both the distinguished and the common people, among his followers and subjects.

It forbids the drinking of anything intoxicating, whatever its kind, name, color, or taste. It forbids every beverage concerning which interpretations are offered to justify its consumption, if it intoxicates in either small or large quantities.

All must refrain from drinking it. The arguments, legal opinions, interpretations, and claims by which the ignorant attempt to justify such conduct are likewise rejected.

The Commander of the Faithful has prohibited all of this, without exception. He has forbidden intoxicants, their possession, their storage, and any involvement in their manufacture or pressing, so that the lands may be purified of their harmful effects.

He has placed responsibility for this matter upon the faithful among his followers and upon those bound to him by allegiance, obedience, and sincere counsel. He has charged them with investigating violations and reporting whatever they discover concerning them.

The Commander of the Faithful declares himself free before God, mighty and exalted, of the responsibility and harmful consequences arising from such violations, whether immediately or in the hereafter.

Let this decree therefore be made known as proceeding from the Commander of the Faithful, and let all his followers and the believers act according to it, together with everyone encompassed by the Call of Truth.

Let them hasten to obey it and beware of transgressing it.

For the Commander of the Faithful has threatened those who oppose this decree with painful punishment, severe chastisement, and disgraceful retribution.

God is sufficient for the Commander of the Faithful, and He is the best disposer of affairs.

Written in the month of Dhu al-Qaʿdah, in the year four hundred (400 AH).

Praise belongs to God alone, and may His blessings and peace rest upon our forefather Muhammad and his pure family.

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